Lit Review Outline

What do teachers generally plan to do with/about technology?

a. Types of activities: (using these catagories is a conceptual framework)

Common Usage: research, productivity tools, drill and practice, ecommunication (Dunleavy 2007) (Storz 2013)

b. Structure of activities:

Teachers trained to put content first when planning with tech means means more student-centered, focus on intellectual engagement, and more strategic (Harris 2011)

more learner centered(Dunleavy 2007)

classroom management is different/difficult (Storz 2013) (Dunleavy 2007)

What shapes tech planning? What attitudes and knowledge?

Effective tech integration requires interdependent content, technological, and pedagogical knowledge. TPACK framework (Koehler & Mishra 2009)

Teachers must have positive attitudes about the value of using computers to create and deliver lessons. (Lee 2010)

Teacher attitudes matter - they need to believe that teaching is not effective without appropriate use of tech (Ertmer & Ottenbreit-Leftwich 2010)

Tech presence does not automatically change styles - teacher beliefs about teaching and learning and experience shape the interaction as well (Garthwail & Weiler, 2005)

What makes good tech planning?

When planning with tech, it needs to be content driven, not tool driven - conceptualized and organized (Harris 2011)

When teachers have more knowledge and value the tools, they’re used effectively (Ertmer & Ottenbreit-Leftwich 2010)

Teachers need to be proficient before they can integrate. They need to master advanced skills so that they can help with knowledge construction (Hsu 2013)

Why select this group?

There is a pedagogical evolution that happens in tech rich environments (Hennessey et al, 2005)

technology enables the use of innovative and engaging instructional approaches (Storz 2013)

What are some characteristics of middle school teacher planning?

middle grades teachers focus more on activities than on objectives, and their planning better described as "agenda-formulation” (Brown 1988)

teachers make planning decisions on the basis of what had worked in the past, the schedule, availability of materials, and interests and abilities of students (Brown 1988)

Model Framework: Four Stages of Lesson Planning (FSLP): Objectives, Homework, developmental activities, mental mathematics - this is not that useful, but the elements of instruction:

Instructional Environment: inquiry based instruction, expository/direct teaching, labs and projects

Instructional approaches based on: problem solving, multiple representations, critical thinking, communication, connections

Class arraingements: individual, group work, pair work

could be useful (Panasuk 1999 as cited in Panasuk & Todd, 2005)

"Lesson planning can be defined as a systematic development of instructional requirements, arraingement, conditions, and materials and activities, as well as testing and evaluation of teaching and learning" (Panasuk & Todd) 2005